General News
2 December, 2025
Japanese encephalitis virus detected locally
THE Department of Health has confirmed the first detection of Japanese encephalitis virus in mosquitoes for the 2025–26 summer season, with it detected locally in Horsham.
The virus was found in a mosquito trap in the Horsham Rural City Council area as part of Victoria’s Arbovirus Disease Control Program and marks the first time JEV has been detected in Australia this season.
The Department is working closely with Horsham Rural City Council to treat mosquito breeding sites and reduce the risk to the community.
Japanese encephalitis is a rare but potentially serious disease caused by a virus transmitted by mosquitoes.
It is spread when a mosquito bites an animal (such as pigs or waterbirds) infected with Japanese encephalitis virus, then bites a human.
Humans cannot transmit the Japanese encephalitis virus to other humans, and humans cannot contract it by touching an infected animal or eating animal products.
Most people infected have no symptoms or only mild illness, but in rare cases (around 1 in 250), it can cause severe brain infection (encephalitis), which can be fatal.
As many as one in three people who develop encephalitis die from the disease.
Of those who survive, up to half suffer permanent cognitive, behavioural or neurological complications.
Victorians have been reminded to understand the risks of mosquito-borne diseases when spending time outside over the warmer summer months.
Victoria’s chief health officer, Dr Caroline McElnay, said detecting Japanese encephalitis virus in mosquitoes is vital for informing the community about current health risks.
“Mosquito-borne diseases like Japanese encephalitis can have serious health impacts, but they are preventable,” she said.
“A free Japanese encephalitis vaccine is available for eligible people due to their increased risk of exposure.
“Simple actions like wearing repellent, covering up, and limiting outdoor activities at dawn and dusk can help reduce your risk.
“Anyone can be bitten by mosquitoes, but people living, working or spending time outdoors in northern Victoria – especially near rivers – may be at higher risk.”
The best protection is to avoid mosquito bites.
Simple steps include:
• Wearing long, loose-fitting, light-coloured clothing outdoors.
• Using mosquito repellents containing picaridin or DEET (N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide).
• Limiting time outside when mosquitoes are most active (dawn and dusk).
• Removing stagnant water around your home where mosquitoes breed.
A free Japanese encephalitis vaccine is available in 24 local government areas across Victoria, including Horsham Rural City Council, for eligible people at increased risk, including those not eligible for Medicare.
A booster dose may be recommended for some people with ongoing risk of exposure, one to two years after completing their primary course.
Victorians are encouraged to speak with their GP, local council, Aboriginal health service, or community pharmacy for more information about JE vaccination.
For details on vaccine eligibility and how to protect yourself from mosquito-borne disease, visit the Department of Health or the Better Health Channel websites.
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